Targeting and Conceptual Design of Heteroazeotropic Distillation Processes

Abstract:
Heteroazeotropic distillation represents an economically attractive process alternative for the separation of strongly nonideal mixtures in the chemical industry. However, the complex behavior of this process and the large number of different design alternatives demands simple calculation tools like the Shortcut Methods to be applied for process synthesis and conceptual design. Shortcut methods allow simple comprehension of process behavior and can quickly rule out disadvantageous alternatives. This thesis presents a new shortcut method for heteroazeotropic distillation that overcomes the limitations of state-of-the-art methods. Tray-by-tray calculations and the pinch point theory are used to estimate the continuous distillation boundaries of each column section. Split feasibility in several ternary topologies and the minimum energy demand of the column are estimated. An extension to column design at operational conditions as well as to reactive distillation and heteroazeotropic sequence analysis are carried out. A promising process alternative for ethanol dehydration is also shown.